The 85 year old man, who announced he would forgo, February 28, to the throne of St. Peter, wrote extensively, including itself, and with modesty. Yet this prolific author, the academic who has devoted nearly half of his life teaching before becoming the most exposed positions in the Catholic Church remains an enigma. We can not understand his tragic vision of history, his fight against the “relativism” moral, his fidelity to the ancient liturgy, without retracing the route of a more tormented than the cartoons say intellectual.

John Paul II Poland, Benedict XVI took Bavaria, two poles in this Mitteleuropa (Krakow, Munich) where the towers sculpt a Catholic Counter-Reformation, when the liturgy, ornaments and songs blend into the rural landscape the family, festivals, culture, the movement of ideas and music.

For Ratzinger, Bavaria is not only a cradle, but also a sanctuary where he draws his mixture of sweetness and persistence. On the Bavarian Catholicism enchanted, he inherited an immoderate taste for tradition, liturgical solemnity, a reverence for Bach and Mozart, a picky respect rites and offices.

“TO OBTAIN THEIR AWARENESS ON THE GENERAL CONSENSUS”

The German Ratzinger as Wojtyla Poles are drawn very early dramas that will feed them in a tragic vision of history, linking insanity, death Di …

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Marc Machin, recently acquitted after spending seven years wrongly imprisoned for the murder of a woman he did not commit, was arrested and taken into custody Friday on suspicion of being involved in a case of concealment of mobile phone theft.

Marc Machin was arrested Friday at 2: 30 am Championnet street in the 18th arrondissement. He was placed in custody at the police station in the 18th arrondissement. “This is a case of concealment.”

Marc Machin, 30, released in October 2008, was finally acquitted Dec. 20, 2012 after his retrial for the murder in December 2001 Marie-Agnès Bedot in Neuilly-sur-Seine, committed by another .

In 2009, he was again remanded to stop Health house for three sexual assaults for which he was sentenced in May 2010 to three years in prison.

He received 4 December 2010 of a conditional release but did not comply with the socio-judicial surveillance of five years which he was placed, he was returned to prison in January 2011.

The Lebanese Georges Ibrahim Abdallah, imprisoned for twenty-eight years in France for complicity in the murder of two diplomats in 1982, will leave prison on parole on condition be expelled from French territory, said Thursday, Jan. 10 a source familiar with the matter.

The application chamber sentences Paris, examining the case on appeal, became the eighth demand release of former Chief farl (Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Fraction), aged 61, by conditioning a expulsion from French territory.

COMMITTED TO THE PFLP

The interior ministry must take this order by January 14. Without this prerequisite, Georges Ibrahim Abdallah, sentenced to life imprisonment in 1987 for complicity in the assassination of American diplomat Charles Robert Ray and Israeli Yacov Barsimantov, can not leave the prison Lannemezan (Southwest) where it is held. Committed to the radical Palestinian movement PFLP (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine), Abdallah was arrested on 24 October 1984 and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1987.

Judges of Appeal upheld the decision of November 21 by the court enforcement of sentences of Paris, who had responded positively to the request for release of Georges Ibrahim Abdallah by conditioning his expulsion. But the sentence was suspended because of the appeal by the prosecution, objected to the release.



The Paris prosecutor’s office had estimated at trial that “the project has uncertain Abdallah does not guarantee any risk of recurrence” and resumption of revolutionary struggle in Lebanon, stressing that never started compensate plaintiffs and continues to claim his actions.

His lawyer, Jacques Verges, had argued that he is a model prisoner and he wanted to return to Lebanon to resume his job as a teacher. Releasable since 1999, Georges Ibrahim Abdallah had already granted parole in 2003, but it was finally rejected by the Court of Appeal in January 2004.

…

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More than one call at two in 115, the emergency number for the homeless, remains unresolved because of lack of space available in the host structures, announced the National Federation of reintegration (Fnars) Monday, January 14. Involved, “the lack of means, with the explosion of applications recorded last year,” laments Fnars.

The rate of negative responses remains high in December, but still fell slightly compared to November (66%, against 78% the previous month). This improvement was mainly due to additional resources mobilized, but which remain “largely insufficient to meet all the requests,” said the federation.

Families continue to be hardest hit, with 64% of negative answers, the structures are particularly unsuitable for them. These are mainly oriented hotel (54%), an expensive solution and of poor quality, timely mobilized depending on the temperatures and financial resources still available, adds Fnars. In December, 15,516 people applied for the 115 accommodation, an increase of 22% compared to last year.

The mechanism of transmission of the new virus of avian influenza H7N9 outbreak in China remains a mystery. The World Health Organization (WHO) has fielded a team of fifteen of the most knowledgeable on bird flu global experts to try to understand how the virus can infect humans.



Sly and weakly detectable: this is the profile of H7N9. According to WHO, the number of laboratory-confirmed human cases was April 18 to 87, including 17 deaths. However, according to the director of the emergency office of the Chinese Centre for Disease Prevention and control of diseases, Feng Zijian, about 40% of infected people do not come into contact with poultry, previously suspected to be the main vector of HIV transmission to humans.

To try to see more clearly, Chinese virologists focus on those infected within the same family. This is particularly the case of Li in Shanghai. The father, who died March 4 at age 87, was the first identified victim of the virus. But it was not out of his house during the two weeks preceding the onset of severe symptoms. In contrast, a son of Mr. Li was taken to the hospital for what appeared to be pneumonia, five days before his father became ill. The son recovered, but not his father, who died of H7N9, nor his brother, who died before the tests can be performed.

“NO EVIDENCE OF A TRANSMISSION INTER-HUMAN”

The H7N9 virus can it be transmitted from human to human? “There is currently no evidence of sustained human to human transmission,” said Gregory H?rtl, spokesman for WHO. But experts do not exclude this disturbing event, which multiply the risk of a pandemic.

“The human transmission is the big question,” says Dr. Masato Tashiro, head to Tokyo one of the six centers of reference for WHO flu. It arises in three families in Shanghai and Beijing for two children. “But we can also imagine that within a family, many people are infected by independent sources,” says Masato Tashiro, who received the samples sent by Beijing.

“Until the source of the infection is identified, it is expected to appear more human cases of the virus carriers in China. Insofar as cases of low severity have been reported, it is also possible that some were not identified, “WHO said.

“IN CHINA, IT IS COMMON TO BUY THE LIVE POULTRY”

Up the chain of transmission is much more difficult than the H7N9 virus causes little or no symptoms in poultry. “The genetic sequencing of the virus was performed, confirming its low pathogenicity in chickens and pigeons infected, said Dr. Monique Eloit, Deputy Director General of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Moreover, does not circulate much in the animal population. ” Of the nearly 50,000 samples taken from poultry, only 39 animals were infected, according to figures provided by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture.

The question of how transmission of the virus to humans, in which it seems relatively aggressive, is complicated by the fact that any Chinese who went to a market has been in contact with live poultry . The seller, in fact, usually shade the chicken to the customer as the best guarantee of a fresh product in a country where the consumer has good reason to be wary of the food industry.

“If some of the patients mentioned have been exposed to poultry, keep in mind that it is common to buy live poultry for home consumption in China,” says the Centre is European prevention and control of diseases, which resulted Angus Nicoll, one of the experts on mission in China.

“INVESTIGATE POSSIBLE OTHER ANIMALS TANKS”

Clearly, this link is not sufficient to establish a causal contamination, so it must “also investigate other possible animal reservoirs”.

“Some animals, such as pigs, could be the relays of other species,” said Roger Francis, the French Center for International Cooperation in Agronomic Research for Development (CIRAD).

For Vincent Martin, head of the emergency prevention program of transboundary animal and plant diseases of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), China is yet much better prepared for this kind of events a decade ago, when the emerging avian influenza H5N1. This, the threat is still present in Asia, has so far infected 622 people in the world: 371 have died, a much higher rate (about 60%) than that observed so far with H7N9 (20 %).

STRAIN NOT PRODUCT OR DEATH OR DROP PRODUCTIVITY

In the case of H7N9, an essential element is that the Chinese have the virus promptly shared with all reference laboratories worldwide. “They respond to the crisis in a timely and transparent manner,” Judge Martin.

The current year is not less of unprecedented complexity as it is, from the probable location of contamination, back to the farms where everything seems in order. The new strain produces neither death nor lower productivity on farms, so there is no trail to follow. “We have a difficult to detect strain, but killing people,” notes Vincent Martin.

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“Book reviews” decryption studies published by scientific journals: At the request of the World, the team Pharmacoepidemiology of the University of Bordeaux Segalen (Inserm U657) dissects the medical literature to identify key lessons. This reading is also critical. For beyond help spread the culture of public health and the contribution of epidemiology, it is also pointing the weaknesses or limitations of studies, which are sometimes the cornerstone of certain prescription drugs or, conversely, to show how researchers were able to use the most rigorous methodology to advance knowledge. In addition to the team members of Bordeaux, it also seeks contributors other centers, mainly specialists also pharmacology. As required by law, each author of the “critical reading” make a public declaration of interests to ensure the transparency of views.

Drugs by reducing cholesterol in the blood, statins are now found under the spotlight, some authors questioning the medical benefits they are supposed to provide. What should we think? For this it is necessary to return to that scientific publications have highlighted.

The benefit of statins to prevent recurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with myocardial infarction, or a threat of infarction, and in patients who have had a stroke (secondary prevention) has been demonstrated with a level of evidence rarely achieved in medicine. Surprisingly, the benefit is little or not affected by the initial level and the change in cholesterol.

Preventive treatment?

A key issue in public health is whether the mere fact of having an increased risk of cardiovascular events, even without cholesterol risk may justify preventive treatment, ie primary prevention (before disease), a statin. Published in 2008, the Jupiter study compared the effects of a statin to those of placebo (a product devoid of pharmacological action) on the subsequent occurrence of cardiovascular events in men at least 50 years old and women at least 60 years have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease but with normal blood cholesterol.

Both groups were formed at random at the beginning of the study and were, apart from forced treatment (statin or placebo), the same characteristics. Expected to last four years, the study was stopped prematurely after two years because the statin treated group had an average 44% reduction in cardiovascular events compared to the placebo group. All measured cardiovascular events and total mortality were significantly reduced by statin. Regulators have approved the drug indication statin tested for primary prevention in patients at high cardiovascular risk.





The Jupiter study has been severely criticized methodological, including misrepresenting the benefit of statin therapy tested due to the premature termination of the study. A meta-analysis (that is to say, a pooled analysis of a large number of studies) of the effect of statins in primary prevention of mortality in high-risk patients was published two years after the Jupiter study . She concluded that statins (on an average of three years and eight months) do not reduce overall mortality of these patients.

What about the controversy over the benefit of statins in primary cardiovascular prevention?

The Jupiter study probably overestimated the benefit of statin tested.

Even with this overestimate, Jupiter showed that statin had a modest effect in absolute terms (95 patients to be treated for two years to prevent one cardiovascular event, which means that 94 patients are treated without measurable benefit).

The meta-analysis showed no significant effect on total mortality, but the debate continues about the significance of the observed modest effect on morbidity.

The benefit of statins in unaffected individuals depends on the initial level of cardiovascular risk. This benefit is especially important that the initial risk is higher.

Lowering cholesterol does not explain and does not predict the effect of statins on the prevention of cardiovascular events and its measurement as the target of statin therapy is not justified.

In conclusion, the long-term benefit of statins in primary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients at high risk is low and information on long-term risks and the proper observance of statins in this context there is very little. As often happens in medicine, the problem is to identify a priori patients who have a high likelihood of benefit from treatment and is unlikely to have adverse effects. Choose not to prescribe a statin for primary prevention may well be discussed. Making this choice in secondary prevention is irresponsible.

Lasagna containing traces of horse meat and sold by Nestlé to market recovery will be withdrawn in France and Portugal, announced Tuesday, February 19th the Portuguese branch of the No. 1 global agribusiness. “These products will be replaced by products 100% beef”, the statement said Nestlé Portugal.



Nestlé said Monday evening from Switzerland a dish of frozen lasagna for the catering industries, “Lasagne Bolognese greedy”, produced in France, would be withdrawn from sale. “One batch was affected,” said Antonio Carvalho, spokesman for Nestlé Portugal. The group did not specify the quantity of products removed or the number of customers who have purchased these lasagna.



Nestlé also decided Monday night to remove “immediately” sales in Spain and Italy ravioli and tortellini sold as Buitoni Beef Ravioli and Beef Tortellini.



“FOOD SECURITY IS NOT RELEVANT”

“Food safety is not an issue, but the mislabeling of products that they do not meet strict that consumers expect from us criteria,” insists the group. Nestlé says it has developed new tests to detect any traces of horse meat in the beef in its production sites in Europe.

The world’s leading beef processing, the Brazilian JBS, announced on the night of Monday to Tuesday that it would temporarily stop the European meat market, after his name was mentioned in the scandal horse sold as beef. The Belgian company JBS Toledo, commercial subsidiary of the Brazilian giant in Europe, “will not commercialize European meat until confidence has not been restored in the European beef supply chain,” said JBS in a statement posted on its website.

The retailer Lidl had also announced Monday it had withdrawn its stores in Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Belgium, where dishes of horse meat was found in place of beef.

While the twenty-seven Member States of the European Union conduct tests to detect the presence or absence of horse meat, the French government allowed the French company Spanghero Monday to resume some of its activities after the withdrawal Thursday his health approval.

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The fall of a meteorite about ten kilometers across Mexico has dealt a fatal blow to the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, according to a new study published Thursday, February 7th in the . journal Science. Based on radiometric dating techniques precision, this new study indicates that the meteorite would have crashed on Earth there are 66,038,000 years, or 33,000 years before the extinction of dinosaurs.

“We have shown that these events are very close and thus the impact has clearly played a major role in the extinction” of the dinosaurs, reports Paul Renne, a professor at UC Berkeley and lead author of the study. “But if the impact was dealt the fatal blow to the dinosaurs, it probably has not been the only factor,” he adds, citing climate variations during the millions of years before their disappearance, of which long cold periods, especially caused by a series of huge volcanic eruptions in India.

Chicxulub crater

These new estimates put an end to the confusion created by previous studies on the date of the sudden disappearance of dinosaurs and many marine creatures, derived from the study of fossils. Previous work left indeed think that this gigantic impact that changed the Earth’s climate occurred 300,000 years before the sudden disappearance of dinosaurs.

The extinction of the dinosaurs was first linked to the fall of an asteroid or comet in 1980 by professor of planetary science at the University of Berkeley Luis Alvarez, now deceased, and his son Walter. The impact formed a crater called Chicxulub, 177 kilometers wide in the Caribbean off the coast of Mexico.

The budget minister Jerome Cahuzac warned, through a statement released by his lawyer that he would let “not impressed” by the “claims” Mediapart, which ensures that the inquest has validated registration credence to the existence of a Swiss bank account in his name.

“The investigation is ongoing. Jerome Cahuzac in calmly awaiting the outcome and not allowed to impress more today than yesterday or tomorrow with the presentation in the form of so-called information that remains, and for good reason, mere allegations “can you read this document transmitted by Gilles August.





The site said, citing judicial sources, the preliminary investigation currently has validated the authenticity of the recording, indicating that the tape has not been manipulated and that three witnesses would have authenticated to the investigators. Le Parisien, dated March 15, also reported positive checks, adding that the opening of a judicial inquiry, the only way to allow international investigations, is discussed at the courthouse in Paris.

According to a source familiar with the matter quoted by AFP, the findings of the expertise of the band, however, have not been submitted to the Public Prosecutor, who commissioned January 8 investigated for laundering tax fraud.



THE “CLOSE TO WITNESSES ACCUSERS”

The record in question has a voice attributed to Jerome Cahuzac, which evokes in 2000, the existence of a Swiss bank account. “It pisses me off to have an open account there, UBS is still not necessarily the banks stashed” one hears on the tape.

Since this story broke, Mr. Cahuzac has consistently denied having a Swiss bank account at any time. “That three witnesses near the accusers said they recognized the voice of Jerome Cahuzac on an unauthenticated record does not change the fact it authenticated, the UBS bank certified with (the) authorities” Swiss “Mr. Cahuzac held no account with them, nor had a closed in February 2010 contrary to what Mediapart thought he could say, “said the statement from Mr. August.



France has indeed sent a request for assistance to the Swiss tax. Mr. Cahuzac expressed reinforced by the Swiss response, it provides yet not having consulted. This answer has not been made public and there is no media had access to share the Sunday newspaper, which reported that this information had then bleached Minister, excluding he had, since 2006, a bank account UBS in its name or the name of a company. But, for reasons of prescription, the research has not focused on the years prior to 2006.

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Not surprisingly, the return possibly “forced” to Nicolas Sarkozy spoke by former Head of State himself in Current Values ??Wednesday – because of “the seriousness of the situation” – sparked a unreserved for some in his camp, and triggered disapproval left and the National Front.

For the former Prime Minister, Francois Fillon, interviewed Wednesday by BFM TV and RMC, “the only thing that matters is that we have a political project. We’ll see after that is better able to carry” this project. “There is a rule in a democracy, when we lose elections, we are all on the same line, that is to say, with the obligation to rethink our project,” argued the deputy of Paris, which specifies “[see] regularly Nicolas Sarkozy” and “have a lot of respect and friendship for him.” “We’re not going to tell the French: that it comes back to you with the exact same project as the one that led us to fail,” he said. “This is not a cast, the subject today”, he protested.



For 2017, Nicolas Sarkozy should also submit to the primary? “It’s his choice, it’s up to him to decide, he said. In the Fifth Republic, the candidate in the presidential election is alone with the French people. (…) This is never been in the spirit of the Fifth Republic [that] the parties agree, in theory, candidates for the presidential election. ”

Brice Hortefeux, vice president of the UMP, said that “politics is a matter of chemistry between desire, duty, and the circumstances.” And “none of the three” conditions exist “today”, he analyzed on classical Public Radio and Senate. However, Nicolas Sarkozy “is right in the company, attentive to the concerns of the French,” ruled the former interior minister.

“His interest arose about the future of our society, what can further cement our national community and major concerns are those of employment, the environment, security? He said . For close to Sarkozy, the former president is in “held strictly to” decision “not to interfere in the daily national political life.” This is one of his “indelible marks that to meet its commitments, “he concluded.

The former education minister Luc Chatel, UMP Haute-Marne, Sarkozy sees “a possible remedy to the right”, especially because of “its ability to reform” France with “a social body soothed “.



SIX HUNDRED BILLION DEFICIT MORE

According to the Prime Minister, Jean-Marc Ayrault, the “difficulties” of France are “the result of fiscal policy choices, budgetary” Sarkozy the quinquennium. For him, the previous government had committed “errors of method.” “To reform our country, this is not the authoritarian method, brutal,” said Mr. Ayrault, who praised the presentation of the bill on the work presented by the cabinet market.

The Minister of Economy, Pierre Moscovici, has said his side that Sarkozy had “left France with a 0% growth in five years 600 billion deficit in addition, one million more unemployed “. “We have a policy of recovery and, if recovery is because there has been deterioration, he [Sarkozy] speaks expert” quipped the Minister.

Asked about a possible political comeback of the former president, the government spokesman, Najat Belkacem-Vallaud, she has said: “This is not really the heart of our concerns today … unless Mr. Sarkozy is a candidate to sign a contract generation. ”

Harlem Désir, first secretary of the PS, has meanwhile estimated that Nicolas Sarkozy could not “stand as a savior” after “nine months of holidays in the sun dotted with private conferences.” “I want to point out that Fran?ois Mitterrand, it had been twenty-three years of opposition, General de Gaulle in Colombey twelve years,” added Mr. Desire. Nicolas Sarkozy “said he did not want to return to politics, it’s good because I think the French do not want either,” concluded the MEP.

Florian Philippot, vice president of the National Front, said it was “vulgar” and “pathetic” failure by Nicolas Sarkozy required a former heads of state reserve. “He said to come back in the political game duty. Given the mess that he left France after ten years in power, including five at the Elysee Palace, the only service that can make the French is no longer never seek any political responsibility, “he joked.